HSV or Herpes Simplex Virus causes cold sores. This disease is mostly found in adults. Since it is highly contagious, it can spread even when kissed by someone who has cold sores. In children, there might be no symptoms at all the first time they get infected. They may have a fever or mouth sores that clear up in 2-3 weeks.
The virus (HSV) that causes cold sores is of two types. They are called type 1 and type 2. Both the strains of the virus cause cold sores. Type 1 is responsible for the disease in most of the cases while Type 2 is rarer, and is the strain that causes Genital Herpes.
The most common cause of cold sores is HSV-1. Many people get infected by Herpes Simplex Virus -1 in the age group of 3-5. People can become infected with HSV-1 through various ways. This may include coming in contact with an already infected person, ingestion of contaminated fluids that have been coughed or sneezed into, or coming in contact with objects which a cold sore-infected person has touched. Cold sores virus being extremely contagious, many people get infected with Type 1 very early in life. However, they may get their first cold sore only after puberty. Once infected, the HSV-1 virus will remain inside the person's body throughout his life.
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The Type-2 virus or Herpes Simplex Virus-2 is less common than HSV-1. It mainly causes Genital Herpes. This virus generally affects the lower part of the body, or below a person's waist. In rare cases, however, it can also cause cold sores.
A number of factors can activate cold sores in a person infected with Herpes Simplex Virus-1. Fever, a bad cold, stress, skin damage and other factors that cause the weakening of the immune system can lead to cold sores. Even sunburned or chapped lips or can increase the possibility of a cold sore outbreak. Women who are menstruating or pregnant also run a greater risk of triggering cold sores.
Most of the people come to experience the Cold Sore very few times in life. Some, on the other hand, experience cold sores more regularly. There is no permanent cure or treatment for cold sores. Also, this problem is hard to control as there are so many causes that can lead to cold sores. One must remember that the cold sore virus is not only activated by physical factors, but emotional stress or being upset for prolonged periods of time can also lead to the outbreak of cold sores.
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